Exploration of the clinical efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
免疫治疗联合化学治疗对非小细胞肺癌晚期患者的临床效果及安全性探究

摘要

目的 探究非小细胞肺癌（Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, NSCLC）晚期患者采取免疫治疗联合化学治疗（化疗）的临床疗效与安全性。方法 选取2024年4月至2025年4月收治的52例晚期NSCLC患者，以随机数字表法分为观察组（单纯化疗+免疫治疗）与对照组（单纯化疗）各26例。检测两组治疗前后肿瘤标志物、免疫功能及肺功能指标，统计临床疗效与不良反应发生情况。结果 治疗后，观察组客观缓解率、疾病控制率均高于对照组，肿瘤标志物细胞角蛋白19片段抗原（CYFRA21-1）、糖类抗原125（CA125）、癌胚抗原（CEA）水平均低于对照组，免疫功能CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+水平高于对照组，肺功能第1秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量（FEV₁/FVC）、FVC、FEV₁指标均优于对照组，且不良反应发生率低于对照组（均P <0.05）。结论 免疫治疗联合化疗治疗晚期NSCLC，可有效提升临床治疗效果，改善患者肿瘤标志物水平、免疫功能与肺功能，同时降低治疗不良反应，安全性更优，临床应用价值显著。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods Fifty-two patients with advanced NSCLC admitted from April 2024 to April 2025 were randomly divided into an observation group (chemotherapy + immunotherapy) and a control group (chemotherapy alone), with 26 patients in each group. Tumor markers, immune function, and pulmonary function indicators were measured before and after treatment in both groups. Clinical efficacy and adverse reaction rates were also recorded.
Results After treatment, the objective response rate and disease control rate in the observation group were higher than those in the control group. Tumor marker levels of Cytokeratin Fragment Antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), Carbohydrate Antigen 125 (CA125), Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) were lower in the observation group, while immune function markers CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+ were higher. Pulmonary function indicators such as Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second/Forced Vital Capacity (FEV1/FVC), FVC, and FEV1 were also better in the observation group, and the incidence of adverse reactions was lower (all P <0.05).
Conclusion   Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy can effectively improve clinical treatment outcomes in patients with advanced NSCLC, enhance tumor marker levels, immune function, and pulmonary function, reduce adverse reactions, and offer better safety, demonstrating significant clinical value.